During the time of the full-scale war, France became one of Ukraine’s most important partners. Paris itself initiated the tank coalition, supported the formation of a coalition of aircraft, and was among the first to supply Ukraine with NATO-standard ammunition. President Macron was able to persuade his German counterpart and assist in granting Ukraine candidate status for EU membership; he also advocated for inviting Ukraine to NATO. In the UN, French diplomats often aid in forming coalitions around pro-Ukrainian initiatives involving dozens of states. Moreover, the French people are among the leaders in providing humanitarian aid.
LB.ua media outlet spoke with the Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Ambassador of Ukraine to France, Vadym Omelchenko, about how the attitude of the French towards Ukraine has changed, how the Ukrainian offensive is evaluated by the French military leadership, and whether the French are ready to provide Ukraine with additional SAMP/T air defense batteries and long-range SCALP missiles.
Vadym Omelchenko also shared information about the French plans to participate in the defense industries forum, the significant role of Paris in the implementation process of the peace formula, and Macron’s negotiations with China and India.
The topic of Ukraine’s recovery will be discussed separately. The author of the article learned about the sectors of the Ukrainian economy where French companies are prepared to invest money, and what exactly they aim to develop in Ukraine both currently and post-war.
“There’s no fatigue among the French when it comes to Ukraine”
Immediately after the NATO Summit in Vilnius, we heard from certain officials from Britain and Poland that Ukraine should be more grateful for the support, that there is a certain fatigue of the war among them. Have you heard anything similar from French politicians or officials? Does Paris have a more mature view of the world?
On the contrary, the French applauded President Zelenskyy’s statements in Vilnius. During meetings with high-level politicians and journalists, they supported the President’s resolute and persistent position in defending Ukraine’s national interests. The French remember how in 1940, during Germany’s invasion, General de Gaulle, in the same tone as Ukraine’s current leader, demanded assistance from his partners. Unfortunately, the delays from allies at that time cost the French people thousands of lives and led to territorial losses. There’s no fatigue among the French.
Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba speaks of a “difficult autumn” and the fact that there will be numerous calls from different countries to sit at the negotiating table with Russia during this period. Could France be one of those voices?
In my opinion, France cannot be a voice advocating for immediate negotiations with Russia. You mentioned that voices will sound, and they are already sounding. Mostly, these are the voices of lobbyists, essentially mercenaries and conservatives (prepared agents of the Russian army). By the way, we explained to French journalists what this term means, and now they often use it during television broadcasts when such conservatives appear.
Ambassador of Ukraine to France Vadym Omelchenko during a protest march against the invasion of Ukraine by Russian troops, Paris, March 5, 2022
Protest in France in support of Ukraine
Source: The press service of the Embassy of Ukraine in France
Former President of France, Nicolas Sarkozy recently said in an interview that Crimea should be given back to Russia, Ukraine should stay out of the European Union and NATO, and that relations with Russia should be restored in Europe. How will we react to this?
Yes, Sarkozy is a former president, but to think that he still holds influence over political processes would be, to put it mildly, an exaggeration. And don’t forget that a court has sentenced him to three years in prison. His statements were sharply criticized by the French political establishment and experts. Even a former subordinate who worked in his cabinet openly spoke about corrupt ties with Russia.
Everything was brought up: from 2008, his stance on blocking the prospect of Ukraine and Georgia joining NATO, to the annexation of a significant portion of Georgian territory, and much more. It seems that with these statements, he outraged his own people who stand in solidarity with the Ukrainian people in their struggle. This is why Sarkozy received such a reaction.
Does the French leadership understand that Putin has no intention of entering negotiations at all?
The French leadership understands this well. If you look at the consistent statements of the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Catherine Colonna, you will see a completely consistent position that goes like this: “Ukraine must win, Russia must compensate for damages and be held accountable for crimes against humanity. If negotiations ever take place, it will be only at the time and under the conditions defined by Ukraine.” The same sentiment has been expressed repeatedly by French President Emmanuel Macron.
By the way, speaking of accountability for crimes, France has always taken a proactive stance. It was the first among the countries to provide Ukraine with a fully equipped DNA laboratory, which operated in Bucha with the support of a group of over 50 individuals. This group included French investigators, forensic experts, forensic pathologists, gendarmes, and more. Subsequently, Ukraine granted this group the right to be the first to inspect the crime scenes in Izium. Each of these specialists is a witness to Russian crimes.
Mobile DNA laboratory donated by France to Ukraine
Source: The Office of the Prosecutor General of Ukraine
American media write a lot about there being a certain disappointment in Washington about how the situation on the front is developing. How does the military leadership of France assess Ukrainian offensive actions?
Last week, another meeting took place with representatives of the General Staff at the President of France’s office. They do not provide any assessments — whether the counteroffensive is successful or not. They have intelligence involvement, which, by the way, cooperates with the Ukrainian intelligence. They know everything and understand everything. And they are focused on something else: the rhythm and speed of defensive supplies, on logistics. They behave as true partners should. I even had the impression that I ended up in the Ukrainian General Staff, as concrete operational matters were being discussed. Their mindset is different — geared towards specific results.
“The French have decided to triple the pace of manufacturing and supplying ammunition to Ukraine”
Kyiv and Paris have a separate track of negotiations regarding weapons. What priority areas are we currently focusing on? What type of weapons do we need most from the French?
Paris is our key ally, often taking on the role of a leader and coordinator in many matters. Few people know that France was one of the first countries to supply us with NATO-standard weaponry. When there was a discussion about providing us with heavy offensive weapons, it was President Macron who, after talks with President Zelenskyy, first mentioned “tanks.” This is how France became the initiator and driver of the tank coalition.
Zelenskyy and Macron in Kyiv on June 16, 2022, during the first visit of the leaders of France, Germany and Italy since the beginning of the full-scale war
Source: The Office of the President of Ukraine
Speaking of strategic matters that we are currently negotiating with the French, these involve long-range missiles and anti-aircraft defense systems. Another pressing need is spare parts, as everything that has been supplied to us is under intense use and wear. We are already working with France to address this issue.
At the same time, there’s a continuous and pressing issue regarding the supply of 155mm caliber ammunition. France has undertaken the obligation to supply these shells at a certain rhythm. The manufacturers are currently working around the clock, and France’s specialized enterprises have transitioned to an emergency work mode. Here’s some good news: the French have decided to triple the pace of manufacturing and supplying. This is highly significant.
The winter will be challenging due to Russian missile attacks, as Ukrainian leadership has already mentioned. The Franco-Italian air defense system SAMP/T is operational in Ukraine. Paris and Rome have agreed to significantly increase the production of ammunition, and the French Minister of Defense, Sébastien Lecornu, announced that his country will reduce the production cycle of components for these systems. Is Kyiv counting on new SAMP/T batteries? What are the potential timelines?
I can say that this matter is under constant monitoring by the leadership of both countries, defense ministers, and Chiefs of Staff. I believe we have promising prospects. All sides understand that these systems need to be provided to Ukraine as soon as possible.
SAMP/T air defense system
Source: Babel
The initial French batch of long-range cruise missiles SCALP has already proven effective in Ukraine. Can we expect and when additional munitions?
All the SCALP missiles that the French promised to provide in the first batch are already in our possession. This batch was for testing, and the missiles performed well. More SCALP missiles will be delivered, and the supply is ongoing. The main question regarding these supplies is their pace, and the French have been performing very well in this regard.
In general, if you hear a statement from President Zelenskyy or President Macron that France has decided, at the request of the Ukrainian side, to provide us with some weaponry, then know that it is already in Ukraine and is already operational on the front lines.
See also: Who supports Russia in France?
President Zelenskyy signed the SCALP long-range missile delivered by France to Ukraine
Source: video
Is maintaining silence regarding supplies the main condition set by the French?
Indeed, from the very beginning, France established a condition in the context of arms supplies — that it should be accompanied by complete silence. They are concerned about the security of logistics and want the weaponry to be delivered and operate smoothly without interruptions.
Currently, in Paris, they have started providing some public information regarding the supplies of various weaponry. At a certain point, when the French had already provided us with equipment worth 120 million euros, we heard criticism from some Ukrainian experts suggesting that France was somehow delaying something. Then, I also noticed that the French themselves began to criticize Macron, saying that he supposedly hadn’t provided any weaponry to Ukraine. That’s when, at the Élysée Palace (the residence of the President of France), we brought up the issue that something needed to be done and discussed publicly because this situation was starting to negatively impact the bilateral relations between Ukraine and France. Following this, the French leadership publicly announced the provision of the Caesar self-propelled howitzers. There were subsequent statements as well, but overall, the strategy and conditions set by the French towards us remain unchanged — everything must happen in complete silence.
President Zelenskyy has outlined the task for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and ambassadors — to organize a defense industry forum in Ukraine by the end of the year and establish production alliances between Ukrainian and foreign defense enterprises, in order to repair and manufacture weaponry and components within Ukraine. Which French corporations are we negotiating with in this regard, and who has positively received this initiative?
There will be two formats. Firstly, an international forum where arms manufacturers from around the world will participate. It is scheduled for October. Secondly, prior to this event, bilateral sessions will start for companies from each participating country. So, the first of such seminars will be between Ukraine and France. It will take place at the end of September. Already, 30 French companies working in the defense industry have agreed to participate. On our side, there will also be a significant number of manufacturers.
President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy and Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba during a meeting with ambassadors
Source: The Office of the President of Ukraine
“France is considered among the few states where a global peace summit could be held”
Ukraine held negotiations in Jeddah regarding President Zelenskyy’s peace formula. Each country presented a certain initiative to become a co-leader in implementing specific points of President Zelenskyy’s peace formula. What aspects of implementation does France want to work on?
France is ready to seriously engage in the implementation of the first point of the formula — restoration and observance of radiation and nuclear safety. The French leadership conveyed this to the Ukrainian authorities as soon as President Zelenskyy introduced the formula. Nuclear and atomic energy are strategic sectors for France. Paris believes that the precedents in Ukraine (Russia’s capture of nuclear power plants and Kremlin’s nuclear blackmail) pose a danger to the entire world, as they could lead to unpredictable consequences. Currently, France is our most important partner in communication with the IAEA leadership.
At the same time, President Macron fully supports the Ukrainian peace formula, which is why the French have slightly transformed their position and express their willingness to assist with the implementation of all its points. By the way, high-level French representatives actively participated in the Jeddah forum and held negotiations with the Ukrainian delegation led by the head of the Office, Andriy Yermak. French diplomats and officials are also actively engaged in the new format: discussions with the head of the President’s Office and his team on specific points of the peace formula, working on the development of implementation mechanisms. Starting from last week, Ukrainian ambassadors have been included in this process, and they will initiate similar discussions in their host countries.
Currently, France is considered among the few states where a global peace summit could be held. Moreover, Emmanuel Macron has also stated his readiness to work on involving leaders of China, India, and Brazil in the forum.
However, Macron is talking about a peaceful initiative regarding Ukraine. He is discussing this with Chinese leader Xi separately, and with Indian Prime Minister Modi as well. What is President Macron seeking to achieve?
There is no separate peace plan. There is one peace plan from President Zelenskyy that Macron agrees with. President Macron has taken on the commitment to work with China and India to involve them in this forum.
However, what happened during the French President’s trip to China? His visit took place a few weeks after the talks between Xi and Putin in Moscow. The whole world was closely watching the situation then, as nobody knew what those two had agreed upon — whether China would support Russia and provide it with weapons or not. Macron, on the other hand, by visiting the PRC, presented Xi with an alternative path.
Within China, there is a crisis; the economy is slowing down and declining. Parts of the global markets are closed to the PRC due to US sanctions. Xi faced a choice: either follow the path of Russia — choose isolationism, shift the Chinese economy onto military tracks, initiate a minor war, or seek a way out of the crisis through economic development and strengthening, which is impossible without interaction with the West. After Macron’s visit, there is hardly any mention that China might support Russia’s war against Ukraine and escalate the situation. Even the reaction of US officials to Macron’s visit to China was cautiously positive. Everyone understands that Beijing’s stance could change; it’s a delicate construct.
The President of France opened economic doors for Xi. He brought over 50 heads of companies, and the parties signed multi-billion contracts. He showed the Chinese: while parts of the world are closed to you, we are still open. The parties signed contracts in sensitive sectors for the Chinese economy, including aviation and nuclear energy. It seems that in China they understand: if they decide to actively assist Russia, France could halt the crucial economic relations with China.
What did we achieve in the end?
For us, this is important for several reasons. Firstly, Xi Jinping did not escalate the situation. Secondly, an additional channel of communication has emerged. This is very good. By the way, it was mentioned that on the eve and immediately upon returning from China, Emmanuel Macron phoned President Zelenskyy. This is a good example of coordination.
French President Emmanuel Macron and Chinese President Xi Jinping during a meeting in Guangzhou, China, April 7, 2023
Source: EPA/UPG
The same applies to India, as Macron also pays great attention to this country. On Bastille Day, Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited France and was an honorary guest of Macron. We hope that the communication channel between India and France will work not only in the interests of France but also in the interests of Ukraine.
Negotiations on a security assurance agreement between Ukraine and France will start soon. What is Paris focusing on?
Currently, we are awaiting the details and contours of the agreement being worked out between Ukraine and the United States. This is important for further collaboration with France. The goal is to make France the first European country to develop a mechanism of assurances. In the near future, we will begin forming a working group and swiftly work on the document. It’s important to understand that many European countries are currently looking towards France, as it has recently strengthened its positions within the European Union and NATO. France is now one of the main contributors to the European Union, and no decision at the EU level can be made without Paris’ support, whether it’s regarding security matters, the imposition of sanctions, or the provision of financial and humanitarian aid.
Before the full-scale invasion, it was France that was building corvettes and patrol boats for Ukraine. By the way, it continues to do so. Can we hope that after the war, France will become an important partner in the reconstruction of the Ukrainian fleet?
Indeed, that’s the expectation and it will be the case. France is a leader in maritime technology production. It’s a maritime nation itself and views Ukraine as a maritime nation. There’s significant potential for collaboration here. By the way, the French continue to produce patrol boats for our maritime security and supply them to us. According to the plan, two vessels for the State Border Guard Service have already been delivered in August.
Construction of OCEA FPB 98 patrol boats by OCEA, October 2021
Source: The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine
France has undergone a significant shift in its position regarding Ukraine’s NATO membership. President Macron advocates for inviting Ukraine into the Alliance and creating a roadmap with conditions and timelines for accession. Kyiv is awaiting the Washington Summit, hoping that the US will change its skeptical stance. However, the main skeptic is Germany. Can Paris influence its closest ally?
After World War II, France prefers to maintain allied relations with Germany, considering it a guarantee of security in Europe. For the French, the partnership with Germans is sacred. Nevertheless, there are currently certain divergences arising from the fact that the countries tackled the energy crisis differently. There was a varying degree of dependence on cheap Russian energy supplies. While France managed to phase them out within a month, Germany still faces issues. Now we are witnessing the differing positions of Paris and Berlin on certain political matters.
Previously, France would align its stance with Germany before making decisions — economic, political, and security-related. Paris used to say: we need to consult with the Germans first and then reach consensus within the European Union. Now, in some political matters, France takes on the role of a leader. The catalyst for disagreements between the two countries is the position on Ukraine’s candidacy for EU membership and the invitation for Ukraine to join NATO. We observed that France was the first to support granting candidate status to our state in the EU, followed by a similar decision from Germany. In Vilnius, we noticed that Macron, unlike his German counterparts, provided full support to us.
I believe that interdependence and coordination between France and Germany are still intact. I am confident that the French will do everything possible to change and improve Germany’s stance regarding Ukraine’s NATO accession.
Emmanuel Macron and Volodymyr Zelenskyy in Paris on February 9, 2023
Source: The Office of the President of Ukraine
President Macron has been discussing the creation of an autonomous strategic European security system for many years. Previously in France, it was said that such a system was impossible without Russia. What do they say about it now, and what do we say to the French?
The idea of an autonomous strategic European security system is a concept put forth by the French political leadership. Currently, it may not be timely, but in the future, we are absolutely confident that the formulation will change. And it will be as follows: the system of autonomous strategic security, if it is to be created, is impossible without Ukraine. Moreover, Ukraine will become one of the main contributors to this system, as we can make a significant contribution. Our army is one of the most powerful in Europe, with unique combat experience. It is well-equipped, and this will be complemented by a revitalized robust military-industrial complex.
There is a telling example of how France’s position regarding European security and Ukraine’s inclusion in it has changed. In 2019, during the annual ambassadors’ conference in France, it was stated that Russia was an integral part of European security. Four years later, on August 29, the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Dmytro Kuleba, was invited as an honorary guest to the same conference. This says it all.
“The French have realized that companies that have not exited Russia will never be allowed into Ukraine’s recovery market”
At least 23 major French companies are still operating in Russia. The Total corporation, which announced a “gradual exit,” will continue producing liquefied natural gas (LNG) in Siberia’s Yamal region (it’s worth noting that European sanctions do not apply to LNG). What should be done in this situation? What is the embassy doing to convince our partners to cease such activities?
You say that 23 French companies continue to work in Russia. This is concerning. However, before the war, France was the top foreign employer in the Russian Federation among foreign companies. There were 500 French companies or their subsidiaries operating in Russia. Now there are only 23 left.
Why did this happen? Firstly, due to France’s resolute stance. Macron gathered representatives of corporations operating in Russia and stated that the government cannot demand specific actions from them since they belong to the private sector. However, France will support all packages of sanctions, even the most radical ones, and sooner or later, companies will have to leave Russia. Secondly, this is thanks to the proactive position of the Ukrainian community in France, which systematically pressured French businesses. Thirdly, it’s due to the diplomatic activities of the embassy. We invited the heads of companies that had doubts about leaving Russia and conducted explanatory work with them. In many cases, this strategy worked effectively.
TotalEnergies
Source: EPA/UPG
Speaking about Total, this company used to extract and transport oil and gas in Russia. It has completely exited the oil sector. Currently, it only operates in Russia within the framework of liquefied gas transportation, the sanctioning of which the EU has not yet decided on.
At the same time, another factor has emerged that contributes to the self-determination of French companies. They have understood the new policy of the Ukrainian government: companies that have not left Russia will never be allowed into Ukraine’s recovery market — I deliberately use this term. Conversely, companies that have exited Russia will receive priority access to orders. And this is working, as we see a strong competition among foreign investors regarding Ukraine’s recovery programs.
During the ambassadors’ meeting, Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal stated that sanctions against Rosatom should be introduced in several stages. These should concern both the company’s management and supplies of Russian nuclear fuel and technologies. France opposes imposing such punitive measures, as it processes radioactive waste in Russia. Are we trying to convince Paris or does the French leadership understand the necessity of taking this step?
I won’t oversimplify the situation. For France, the nuclear industry is strategic. Thanks to its nuclear capabilities, the French have effectively overcome the energy crisis, contributing to the country’s economic growth. So, this is a sensitive issue for France. French companies collaborate with Russia not only in the context of radioactive waste processing but also in implementing technological oversight.
What do the French say? They mention that they are not imposing sanctions on Rosatom because the European Union is not inclined to do so. Of course, there’s a certain ambiguity here since France is one of the leaders of the EU. However, indeed, apart from France, five other EU countries are against this step, so there is no consensus within the Union yet.
The search for a solution to navigate this without Russia is ongoing. We continue to work on all levels, starting from official and diplomatic channels to informal ones. At the same time, while observing events in Africa and how Russia is attempting to weaken French influence there, there is hope that the French will eventually make a decision to impose sanctions on Rosatom.
Ukraine’s Ambassador to France Vadym Omelchenko during his address to the National Assembly, October 3, 2022
Source: The press service of the Embassy of Ukraine in France
This winter, we need assistance in restoring critical infrastructure objects and timely provision of necessary spare equipment. Last year, France took the initiative to organize an international forum to help Ukraine withstand the winter period. Paris managed to engage countries from the Global South and accumulate funds and equipment. Can we hope that this year, too, France will take the lead and assist Ukrainians in enduring the winter?
On that day, there were two forums. The first was bilateral between Ukraine and France. The initiators were the Embassy of Ukraine and the French Ministry of Economy and Finance (Bercy). The second was international, organized at the initiative of the President of France. Macron’s idea for the international forum was for countries unable to assist Ukraine in defense-related matters for various reasons to find a way to provide humanitarian aid. As a result, participants included India, Switzerland, and 47 other states willing and ready to help Ukraine during the winter period. During that time, a mechanism was successfully established to identify our needs and accumulate funds and equipment.
This forum is expected to continue. The Embassy will propose this idea to the French, and I’m confident it will receive support.
“We have started working on the recognition of Russia as a state sponsor of terrorism by the French Parliament”
Is it true that the embassy is currently working on having the French parliament recognize Russia as a state sponsor of terrorism? What are our chances?
Absolutely true. Our interaction process with the French Parliament — the National Assembly and the Senate — could be called a revolution. Yes, both chambers of France voted in favor of a resolution recognizing the Holodomor as genocide of the Ukrainian people, with even the Le Pen party voting unanimously and wanting to be a co-sponsor, which was something that was previously unimaginable. The Parliament recognized the Wagner Group as a terrorist organization and called on the European Union to do the same. The Senate condemned Russia’s illegal deportation of Ukrainian children. Legislators supported a resolution recognizing that Russia is waging an aggressive war against Ukraine and voted to increase aid to Ukraine. In this process, the speeches of President Zelenskyy and the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada, Stefanchuk, played a significant role in both chambers of the French Parliament.
Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine Ruslan Stefanchuk delivers a speech to the National Assembly of France, Paris, January 31, 2023
Source: EPA/UPG
In parallel with the Wagner Group resolution, we began working on having Russia recognized as a state sponsor of terrorism. We were waiting for the listed initiatives to be voted on. Now the process has been initiated. We should thank the friendship groups of both countries, which work very effectively and help to lobby for these initiatives — co-chair Alyona Shkrum and French colleagues Nadia Sogolub and Benjamin Adat. We also express gratitude to the relevant committees within the French Parliament, with whom we are in constant contact. I want to specifically thank the diplomats of the Embassy of Ukraine, who work tirelessly and conscientiously 24/7 for the victory of our state.
For France, the Wagner Group poses a threat as it increases its influence in African countries that historically aligned with Paris. What can we jointly do to minimize this threat?
We raised the issue of the Wagner Group even before the full-scale invasion. Unfortunately, back then the French didn’t react much to this challenge. Now they understand that the Wagner Group poses a threat to France’s national security, as this entity neutralizes French influence in Africa. Regarding cooperation, I can say that we have initiated active consultations with the communications division of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Paris and Kyiv are now working on a joint communication strategy for Africa that encompasses many elements.
Is there an understanding of how the Wagner Group operates in Africa?
The Wagner Group operates on the continent in three main directions. The first is military: conducting state coups, supporting coups and military regimes, guarding oil fields and various mines.
The second is providing political services. After elections ceased in Russia, hundreds and thousands of Russian political technologists were left unemployed and started being directed first to CIS countries, and then to Africa, where they became part of the Wagner Group. There, they help organize election campaigns and the elections themselves, becoming advisors to heads of African states. This allows them to later distribute quotas for oil, gold, diamonds, and more.
The third direction is the operation of a separate media holding. French diplomats have told me that the Wagner Group controls many local media outlets, nearly all social networks in the countries they operate in, and has large-scale bot farms. Through these tools, the structure spreads fake news and disinformation to European countries, causing destabilization and chaos. France understands this and has its own strategy to counter it.
Supporters of the head of the presidential guard, General Abdourahamane Tchiani, who declared himself the new leader of Niger after a coup d’état, with Russian flags during protests in Niamey, Niger, August 2023
Source: EPA/UPG
Currently, a confrontation is unfolding in Nigeria, where Russia holds significant influence. France, which depended on uranium deposits in this country, is deeply concerned about the situation there. During negotiations in Jeddah, some representatives of countries expressed their concern about the situation in Nigeria and how it might indirectly impact the Russian-Ukrainian war. How exactly could this happen? And is there a risk that the French will shift their attention from Ukraine to Africa?
This viewpoint is shared by some experts. A stable Niger is a strategic interest for France, as it obtains uranium and other resources from there. Paris will certainly expend significant efforts to resolve this situation. Will this affect France’s policy towards Ukraine? We don’t see any indications that France will divert its attention or reduce assistance to our country.
“French companies are ready for competitive engagement in the recovery market”
France has taken the matter of Ukraine’s recovery very seriously. President Macron established a special envoy position for assistance and reconstruction. The Republic has taken on the role of guardian over the Chernihiv region. What are French companies currently focusing on in their efforts?
What is France focusing on? Firstly, on the humanitarian front. A massive amount of aid is being sent to Ukraine not only from the government but also from French cities and towns. Since the early days of the Russian invasion, a crisis center at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has been operating, primarily dealing with Ukrainian matters. All information about needs is channeled there, and the staff immediately seeks those who can address and solve specific issues. For example, after Russians blew up the Kakhovka Hydroelectric Power Plant, the French government sent 40 flexible water tanks, 500,000 tablets, 405 water purification filters, and two thousand hygiene kits to meet the needs of the State Emergency Service. Additionally, the French government allocated 40 million euros for emergency reconstruction of critical infrastructure facilities.
Furthermore, the organization Protection Civile with 32,000 volunteers is actively engaged. During the initial months of the war, they gathered humanitarian aid from all over France and transported it using the French railway system. The Association of Mayors of French Cities, led by Mayor David Lisnard of Cannes, also plays a significant role in this process. By the way, in the early hours of the Russian invasion, he raised the Ukrainian flag on the city hall building. Over a hundred Franco-Ukrainian associations also play a significant role, working across France and coordinating their activities with the Ukrainian embassy.
Protection Civile
Source: jhm.fr
Which Ukrainian industries are most attractive to French businesses?
The French side is interested in the development of nuclear power capacities (new opportunities for cooperation in this direction are emerging). Also, in the exploration of lithium deposits (lithium is used in manufacturing electric car batteries). In Europe, there are only two countries with significant lithium deposits — Portugal and Ukraine. In our country, there are four deposits, two of which are located in conflict zones. There are promising prospects for humanitarian demining. French companies have engaged with the embassy, and we have conveyed proposals to the government for assistance in this important area. Moreover, the French are ready to start working on this right now.
French companies are also interested in the construction sector and infrastructure restoration. For example, the company Neo-Eco possesses unique technologies that aid in rebuilding completely destroyed buildings. They have already restored 25 buildings in Hostomel.
The French are currently interested in all aspects related to transportation as well. Quite recently, the implementation of a project to purchase 19,000 tons of rails for Ukrzaliznytsia (Ukrainian Railways) began. We have negotiations lined up with the company Alstom, which is also ready to compete in the restoration market.
President Zelenskyy has given a clear task to diplomats: find investors willing to invest in Ukraine during and after the war. With whom is our embassy already engaged in discussions regarding this?
Back in December, a forum for the recovery of Ukraine took place in France with the participation of President Macron. At the request of President Zelenskyy, Macron urged French businesses to enter the Ukrainian recovery market without waiting for the war to end. Around 200 entrepreneurs were initially expected to attend the event, but 750 company representatives and an additional 10,000 firms joined online. You can imagine the level of interest and the volume of our work. A large delegation from the MEDEF organization, the French Employers’ Federation, which unites over 800,000 enterprises, also visited Ukraine.
MEDEF delegation during a meeting with the Ukrainian League of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs leadership in Kyiv, February 9, 2023
Source: uspp.ua
Meanwhile, we are in discussions with French partners regarding the establishment of a special financial mechanism — France’s state guarantee fund which will provide potential investors with loans and financial guarantees.
In your estimation, will Ukrainian refugees who have found refuge in France mostly return home after the war ends or stay?
Currently, there are around 107,000 Ukrainian refugees in France. At the initial stages, we frequently communicated with them, and at that time, they had two questions for us. First — when will we return home? Second — when will we be able to work? Most Ukrainians who sought refuge in France already know the language and are attempting to find employment or are already working. They want to rely as little as possible on the state and even request to cover some portion of their housing expenses on their own. This surprises the French, who are accustomed to migrants usually seeking subsidies, but they find this attitude very inspiring.
Will Ukrainians want to return? The majority of women, even those who have found jobs, still want to return home. However, the situation is not as straightforward with children. Children integrate and assimilate very quickly, learn the language, and communicate fluently with their French peers. By the way, the French are amazed by Ukrainian children. The Ministry of Education constantly talks about Ukrainian students because they have never seen such achievements in mathematics and exact sciences demonstrated by our young children.
A serious problem involves children aged 12 to 16. At this age, peer communication is crucial. And they lost it first due to the coronavirus and then due to the war, which destroyed any connections with friends. These children do not attend high schools or colleges, refuse to learn the language, and want to return to Ukraine. They require psychological support. This is our future, and therefore, this issue needs to be addressed at the state level.
“The crimes of Russians in Bucha became the factor that changed Macron’s stance”
How has the attitude of the French people and President Macron himself towards Ukraine changed during the course of the full-scale? What prompted these changes? And how has the attitude towards Russia changed?
France is a democratic country, and there are three levels of forming a position: the first level is public opinion, followed by media support, and the third is the decisions of the government, which is sensitive to the first two factors. The proactive support of French society, as seen from the Élysée Palace, significantly contributed to the adoption of important political decisions for Ukraine and the provision of military, financial, and humanitarian assistance. According to the latest IFOP agency poll, 72% of French people support Ukraine. According to a survey by the New Europe center conducted on the eve of the Vilnius Summit, France has the highest level of support for Ukraine’s course in NATO among European countries. It can be stated that we have managed to almost completely eliminate Russian content from the media space in France.
A radical shift occurred after the start of the large-scale invasion and then after the events in Bucha, which gained significant publicity in France. Recently, President Zelenskyy was asked what he associates with Russia. He answered — with Bucha. The crimes of Russians in Bucha became the factor that changed Macron’s stance.
The position of French society was greatly influenced by President Zelenskyy’s speeches, which were listened to by everyone — from politicians and officials to students and businesses. This was backed by extensive work from the embassy. Can you tell us some details about it?
The French have awakened. President Zelenskyy’s addresses to various layers of French society significantly contributed to this awakening. His speech before the members of the French Parliament and the Paris City Hall (attended by over a thousand elected officials, with live broadcast on key television channels). His address to students of French universities (2000 students and professors of Sorbonne and Sciences Po in the auditorium, with around 40,000 students and professors watching online; broadcast on major television channels, reaching approximately 5 million viewers). His speech before the French entrepreneurs’ congress (5,000 people in the audience, with 20,000 entrepreneurs participating online; broadcast on key channels).
The appeal of Ukrainian President
Source: The Embassy of Ukraine in France
It’s worth mentioning his speech at the Night of Law legal community congress (attended by 1300 legal experts in the hall, with broadcast on major channels). His speech at the opening of the Mayors of France Congress (attended by 4,000 mayors, with 10,000 online viewers, televised broadcast on key channels). His addresses during economic forums (750 in the audience and 10,000 representatives of companies online, including heads of state and governments).
During the war, there were six television and six print interviews with the President of Ukraine, ten interviews with First Lady Olena Zelenska, six interviews with the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada Stefanchuk, three interviews with the Head of the Presidential Office Andriy Yermak, fourteen interviews with the Minister of Foreign Affairs Dmytro Kuleba, nine interviews with Deputy Prime Minister Olha Stefanishyna, and over fifty interviews with Ukrainian high-ranking officials.
The French society is amazed by Ukrainian courage. And even now, when they say the word “solidarity,” they take pride in helping and supporting our country.
The Embassy of Ukraine in France is actively engaged in cultural initiatives. I know about one case that had a significant impact not only on French society but also on people from other countries. I’m referring to the fact that the renowned actor Alain Delon created a comprehensive program about Ukraine last year. Could you provide more information about this and other programs?
The story of Alain Delon is indeed a successful communication project. He is a globally recognized actor who still enjoys immense popularity worldwide, especially in Asian countries like China and Japan, among others. The fact that Delon participated in a project to support Ukraine is a remarkable achievement.
Vadym Omelchenko with Alain Delon during the recording of a program in support of Ukraine, during which Delon reads Taras Shevchenko’s poetry
Source: The press service of the Embassy of Ukraine in France
We have a cultural center in Paris, and I learned that this building once belonged to Delon. During a conversation with President Zelenskyy, the idea was proposed to create a small museum in honor of the French actor. We realized this idea in collaboration with volunteers, creating a modest yet tastefully designed room filled with love. When Russia launched its large-scale invasion, we connected with journalist Cyril Viguier, the only media representative who has the opportunity to interview Delon. He has known the actor’s family since childhood and is essentially a member of their family. His latest interview with Delon garnered over 160 million views worldwide. This inspired us to consider a joint project; the only thing left was to find out if Delon was willing to support our country.
I invited Cyril to the cultural center and showed him the room dedicated to Delon. He was surprised and moved. Later, he came with his camera and conducted an interview with me, which he then showed to Delon. Subsequently, he sent a video in which Delon holds a newspaper with pro-Ukrainian slogans. It turned out that he is a staunch supporter of Ukraine. They themselves found a publisher and translated Taras Shevchenko’s poems, and Delon flew from Switzerland to Paris to record on camera as he recited Shevchenko’s poems. He also invited me to participate in recording the program. Later, Delon personally visited the Ukrainian Cultural Center.
Alain Delon and Volodymyr Zelenskyy
Source: The press service of the Embassy of Ukraine in France
Then, Cyril came up with the idea of organizing a conversation between Delon and President Zelenskyy. Despite his busy schedule, the head of state found time, and the resulting conversation was incredible. Delon mentioned that he would have gone to fight for Ukraine in the Armed Forces if he were several decades younger. He concluded with the words “Glory to Ukraine.” This conversation, which aired on TV 5 Monde, was watched by over 100 million people in 220 countries and was broadcast in 22 languages. After that, Russians tried everything possible, offering any amount of money, to conduct an interview with Delon. However, he naturally declined.
There is another remarkable case involving Catherine Deneuve at the Cannes Film Festival.
Seeing Catherine Deneuve’s support for Ukraine, Andriy Yermak, the Head of the Presidential Office, proposed creating another significant cultural project with the renowned French actress. Along with Cyril Viguier, we suggested that she recite poems by the Ukrainian poet Lesya Ukrainka. She read them on television. This gained powerful momentum, leading to her being granted the title of Muse of the Cannes Film Festival this year, where she opened the festival. Her speech was dedicated to Ukraine, and she once again recited Lesya Ukrainka’s poems. Needless to say, the whole world was watching the Cannes Film Festival. It was a deeply moving moment. We expressed our gratitude to both Delon and Catherine Deneuve for their important and powerful support.
French actress Catherine Deneuve with Cyril Vigier during the recording of a TV program in support of Ukraine, with the ambassador’s wife Natalia Omelchenko next to them
Source: The press service of the Embassy of Ukraine in France
On Independence Day, Paris is preparing several pleasant surprises for Kyiv and Ukraine. Could you tell us about them?
When the Mayor of Paris, Anne Hidalgo, was in Kyiv, she met with President Zelenskyy, who then awarded Paris the title of a “Rescuing City.” You may remember that in the early days and months of the invasion, Paris became a haven for Ukrainian refugees who were leaving there to go to other cities or countries. Anne Hidalgo promised to name one of the squares in Paris in honor of the Ukrainian capital, Kyiv, and the people of Ukraine. The Paris City Council voted in favor of this decision, and on August 24, on Independence Day, they will inaugurate it in the heart of the city, near the Elysée Palace. This is a gesture of respect, as the French want to forever honor the bravery of the Ukrainian people.
Another wonderful piece of news: on Independence Day, the Eiffel Tower will be illuminated in the colors of the Ukrainian flag. This will be the second time it happens, and it’s an unprecedented decision. Previously, the tower’s lights displayed only the colors of the French flag. No other country, except Ukraine, has been honored in this way by the French. The yellow and blue lights of the Eiffel Tower will be seen all over the world.
Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo and Ukraine’s Ambassador to France Vadym Omelchenko in Paris on February 23, when the Eiffel Tower was illuminated in yellow and blue to mark the anniversary of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine
Source: The press service of the Embassy of Ukraine in France
Originally posted by Oleksandr Demchenko on LB. ua. Translated and edited by the UaPosition – Ukrainian news and analytics website
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